S.G.B.A.U. Syllable Mechanical engineering B.E.

 

SEMESTER : EIGHTH

I.C. ENGINES

SECTION – A

 

UNIT I : Introduction to IC Engines and cycle analysis: Basic of I.C. Engines , Details of two  stroke and four  stroke engines, Air standard cycles, Fuel air cycle and actual cycle. Variation in  specifi  heat,Dissociation and their effect on engine performance. Review of other losses in IC engines. (7 Hrs)

 

UNIT II: Fuels and alternative fuels : Conventional fuels for IC engines, requirement, properties, fuel additive,limitations of fossil fuels. Review of various alternative/non-conventional fuels .Studies of fuel injection systems : Fuel pump and their working, different types of fuel feed  systems, studies of injectors nozzles, Bosch type fuel pump. (8 Hrs)

 

UNIT III: Combustion SI Engine:- Stages of combustion, factors influencing various stages, Normal  and abnormal combustion, Detonation, Factors responsible for detonation. Effect of  detonation. Octane rating of fuel, Requirement of combustion chambers for SI engines, important types, relative advantages and disadvantages and application. (8 Hrs.)

 

SECTION – B

 

UNIT IV: Combustion in CI. Engines:- Stages of combustion in CI Engines, Delay period, factor  affecting delayperiod, diesel knock, cetane rating, Requirements of combustion chamber  for CI Engines. Methods of generating turbulence in combustion chamber. Types of combustion chambers for CI Engies. ( 8Hours)

 

UNIT V : Performance testing of IC Engines: Evaluation of various performance parameters of IC Enginesincluding heat balance, sheet and excess air calculation. Methods of determination of  friction power.Supercharging : Basic principles, objectives, arrangements for super  charging, advantages andlimitations of super charging (8 Hours)

 

UNIT VI : Emission from IC Engines : review, their effect on human health, cause of formation and  approaches to control this pollutants. Study of BIS, EURO emission norms, IC Engines: Recent trends:Microprocessor based engines, management multi-point fuel 67 68 injection  engines, common rail direct injections engines, variable valve timing engines. (8 Hours)

 

TEXT BOOKS:

• 1. Internal combustion Engines - M.L.Mathur & Sharma Dhanpatrai & Sons.
• 2. Internal combustion Engines – V.Ganeshan, Tata Mcgraw Hills.

 

REFERENCE BOOKS :

• 1. Internal combustion Engines Fundaments- John B. Heywood, Mcgraw Hills
• 2. Internal combustion Engines & Air Pollution- Obert E.F.Intext Educational.

 

 

OPERATION RESEARCH TECHNIQUES

SECTION – A

 

UNIT I : Operations Research : Introduction, characteristics, Phases, Limitations, Models and  classification of O.R.Models. Linear Programming : Formulation, Standard Form, Graphical  and simplex methods,Primal-Dual relationship. (8 Hrs)

UNIT II : Transportation Models : Introduction, LP Formulation of transportation problems, Methods for finding initial solution, MODI method. Assignment Models : Introduction, Mathematical statement and solution methods of assignm. Problems, variations of assignment Problems.  (6Hrs)

UNIT III: Network Models : Network construction, PERT analysis, CPM analysis, cost analysis &  Crashing thenetwork, Updating resources smoothing and leveling. (6 Hrs)

 

SECTION- B

 

UNIT IV: Waiting line models : Introduction, characteristics, classification, analysis of M/M/1 and M/M/s models. Sequencing : processing of n jobs through two machines, n jobs through m machines, two jobs through m machines. (7 Hrs)

UNIT V : Replacement models : introduction, value of money, individual and group replacement   policies. `Simulation : introduction, Monte Carlo simulation, advantages and limitations,  applications of simulation to queuing models, inventory models, maintenance models , etc. (7 Hrs)

UNIT VI: Dynamic programming: introduction, characteristics, applications of dynamic programming  to capitalbudgeting, production scheduling, travelling sales men, cargo loading problems, etc.  (6 Hrs)

 

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

 

• 1.Operations Research and Theory applications- II ed.J.K.Sharma; Macmilan Business Books
• 2. Operations Research; Prem kumar Gupta, D.S.Hira; S.Chand & Co. ltd.

 

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• 1. Inroduction to Research Operation, 7th Edition; Hiller/Lieberman; Tata Macgraw Hills.
• 2. Operations Research : An Introduction, 7th Edition, H.A.Taha; PHI.
• 3. Operations Research: Principles and practices; 2nd Edition, Ravindran, Philips, Solberg, John Willey &Sons.
• 4. Operations Research: Kapoor .

 

PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVE

ROBOTICS

SECTION – A

 

Unit I : Fundamentals of Robotics- Introduction, Automation & Roboticsrobot applications robotic  systems, robotanatomy and robot configurations, Joint types used in robots, robot wrists, joint  notation schemes, workvalue for various robot anatomies, robot Specifications. (8 Hrs.)

 

Unit II : Robots end-effectors-classification of end-effectors, mechanical grippers, hooking or Liftin grippers,grippers for molten metals, plastics, vacuum cups,magnetic grippers Electrostatic  grippers, multiplegrippers, internal & external grippers, drive systems for gripers, active &  passive grippers. (7 Hrs.)

 

Unit III : Robot drives & control-pneumatic power drives, hydraulic systems, electric drives, robot  controllers-servoand non servo systems, motion control of robots, point to point and continuous path control, teaching ofrobots, robot programming methods. (7 Hrs.)

 

SECTION – B

 

Unit IV : Robot Sensors : Scheme of robotic sensors, contact type sensors, force, torque, touch, position, velocity sensors, non-contact type sensors, electro-optical imaging sensors, proximity sensors, range imaging sensors, robot environment and robot input/output interfaces, machine intelligence, safety measures in robots. (7 Hrs.)

Unit V : Robot Kinematics- Forward & reverse kinematics, forward and reverse transformation of two  1DOF & three DOF 2-D manipulator, homogeneous transformations.

 

Unit VI : Quantitative Techniques for economic performance of robotsRobot investment coats, robot  operating expenses. methods of economic evaluation, method of pay-back period, return on investment method, discounted cash flow method. (7 Hrs.)

 

RECOMMENDED BOOKS : TEXT BOOKS :

• 1) Robotics Technology & Flexible Automation by S.RDeb, Tata Mcgraw Hill.
• 2) Industrial Robotics by M.P.Groover, McGraw Hill.

 

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• 1. Robotics for Engineering, Korean Yoram, McGraw Hill.
• 2. Robots & Manufacturing automation by Asfahal, C.Ray, John Wiley.
• 3. Robotic Engineering by Richard D.Klafter, PHI.

 

AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERNIG

SECTION – A ]

 

Unit I :- Classification ofautomobiles, chasis types, Power UnitFunctions and locations power for propulsion,engine mounting, engine parts- types, construction and functions, Multiple cylinder  engines, General considerations of engine balancing, firing order.. (7 Hrs)

Unit II : Fuel feed systems - fuel fees systems for petrol engines. Fuel pumps, fuel filtrs, Air filters, Basic principles of MPFI and CRDI.Multipoint fuel injection Systems (MPFI) Common Rail DieselInjection Systems (CRDI) Controlling system : purpose, types of cooling systems, liqui cooling system-water jacket ports, water pump and radiators, by pass rectractulator system temeprature indicator, antifreeze, mixtures, troubles and remedies of cooling system.

 

Unit III: The electrical system, Battery Capacity, standard capacity ratings, starter motor drive-Bendix drive,over running clutch, solenoid switch and shitf, Ignition system;- Battery coil ignition  system, Ignition timing and its effect on engine performance, Ignition advance mechanisms, Electronic Ignition system.

SECTION – B

 

Unit IV : Transmission system : Layout, types of clutches, single plate friction clutch and multiple                         clutch, clutch adjustments, clutch troubles an remedies, Gear Boxes :- Sliding mesh, constant                 mesh and synchromesh gear box, function of over drive, trouble shooting and remedies,                         torque convertor,automatic transmisson, Propelier shaft, hotckiss drive, torque tube drive,                     differential. (8 Hrs)

 

Unit V: Breaking system:- Mechanical, hydraulic brakes, power brakes, and vaccum brakes Fault finding and maintance of brakes, Steering system :- Fuction, types of linkages. steering gears,   steering gear ratio, wheel balancing, wheel alighment castor, king pin inclination, toe-in & toe out & their effect, introduction to powe steering.

 

Unit VI : Suspensions:- Rigid axle and independent syspension system, shock absorbers. Auto lubrication :-Types of lubrication, their tests and ratings, multi-viscocity oils, chasis   lubrication, Engine lubrication:- types of lubricaing system, full premier system, dry sump  system, oil pump, oil filters system- bypass system, full 55 56 flow system, oil breather, crankcase ventimeter, Engine lubrication troublesand remedies.

 

TEXT BOOKS :

 

• 1. Automobile Engineering- Vol.I & II, Kirpal Singh, Standard Publishers Distributors
• 2. Automobile Engineering – R.K.Rajput; Laxmi publications, New Delhi

REFERENCE BOOKS :

 

• 1. Automotive Mechanics; Crouse & Anglin, TMH.
• 2. Automotive Mechanics ; J Heitner; East West Press
• 3. Automotive Mechanics ; S.Srinivisan; TMH.

 

REFRIGERATION & AIR CONDITIOING

SECTION – A

 

Unit I : Introduction to automotive air conditioning- Vapour compression system:- Analysis of simple  vapour compression system. Use of pressure enthalpy. Temperature entropy charts. Effect of  operating conditions such as evaporation and condesion pressure, superheating and sub cooling   Actual vapour compression system, Refrigerants :- classification: primary & secondary refrigerants, desirable properties of refrigerants; merits & demerits of commonly used refrigerants such as Ammonia R12, R-22 and their selections and eco friendly refrigeration 134A, HFC.

 

Unit II: Multi stage pressure systems;- multistage compression: choice of intermediate pressure, complete multistage compressions. Multi evaporator systems; single compression individual  expansion value, single compression multi expansion valve, individual compressor multi expansion valves, cascade systems, its applications to cryogenics Air liquefaction processes LindeHampson (No numerical treatment to air liquefaction system) (10 Hours)

Unit III : Refrigeration systems components & controls:- brief study of refrigerants compressor, condensers, evaporators, expansion valves, drier, fillers, selection criteria for the components of vapours compression systems Flow controls, temperature controls, pressure controls and  safety devices. Defrosting systems, testing & charging of refrigeration systems, leak                             detection. (No analytical treatment is expected) (8 Hours)

 

SECTION – B

 

Unit IV : Psychromeric properties of moisair psychrometric chart, concept of thermodynamic wet–bulb temperature, representations of Psychromeric process on Psychromeric charts, mixing of air, evaporating cooling, air washers. Human comfort:- metabolism of human body, factors  influencing comfort, concept of effective temperature, optimum effective temperature & comfort charts. (7 Hours)

Unit V : Classification of air conditioning systems & applications. Unitary system package, window type & split type air conditioning. Central system:-System components, types:- direct  expansion system, all water system & all air system. Water, summers & year round air conditioning. Transmission & distribution. Types of supply air ducts, consideration for  selection & location of outlet, distribution partners of outlet, location of return air opening &  introduction to duct design. (No numerical treatment is expected) (9 Hours)

 

Unit VI : Load calculation & applied Psychromety-basic consideration at heat gains/losses sensible & latent , heat due to occupancy lightening, appliances, products, process, air conditioning systems, safety factor cooling load estimates, heating load estimates. Sensible heat factor by pass factor, apparatus dew point, effective sensible heat factor (8 Hours)

BOOKS RECOMMENDED :

• 1. Refrigeration & air conditioning; C.P.Arora; Tata Mcgraw Hill Publication.
• 2. Refrigeration & air conditioning; Arora, Domkundwar;Dhanpat Rai Publication.